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IEEE 802 encompasses a set of networking standards that establish the physical and data link layer specifications for technologies, including Ethernet and wireless. These guidelines are crucial for local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area networks (MANs), facilitating multivendor interoperability by promoting adherence to specific standards.
Essentially, the IEEE 802 standards ensure that internet services and technologies adhere to best practices, enabling seamless collaboration among various network devices.
The IEEE 802 framework is divided into distinct sections that focus on both physical and data link aspects of networking. The family of standards is developed and maintained by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee, often referred to as LMSC.
Since its inception in 1979, with the approval of the proposed standard called Local Network for Computer Interconnection, the LMSC has introduced over 70 standards within the IEEE 802 suite.
Among the well-known specifications are those for Ethernet, wireless LANs, and wireless personal area networks (PANs), along with various media independent handover services. Notably, some standards have been designated as disbanded or hibernating, either replaced by newer protocols or undergoing revisions.
The LMSC employs an open process to advocate for these standards on a global scale, breaking down individual working groups for focused development on specific areas. Specifications also differentiate the data link layer into logical link control and media access control (MAC) layers.
For up to six months post-publication, LMSC offers a PDF version of these standards, which remain active until replaced or withdrawn.
Established in 1980, the LMSC aims to standardize network protocols, ensuring compatibility across diverse devices and industries. Without such standards, hardware manufacturers could create devices that communicate only with specific computers, leading to significant connectivity challenges across different systems.
Additionally, IEEE 802 collaborates with international standards organizations, maintaining compatibility with global standards.
The numeric identifier '802' does not carry significant meaning; it simply follows the sequential numbering of projects.
Organizations leverage IEEE 802 specifications to align their products with the latest standards, ensuring compatibility and functionality, particularly with Wi-Fi under the 802.11 umbrella. These guidelines apply to both individual networks and large-scale organizational networks.
Standards apply across both hardware and software, endorsed through a voting process to prevent any single entity from disproportionately influencing the standards.
The working groups comprise diverse focus areas within the IEEE 802 specifications, numbered from 802.1 onward.
For a detailed list of working groups, you can explore the specifications that cover everything from LAN/MAN bridging to wireless PANs.
The comprehensive nature of IEEE 802 standards plays a pivotal role in fostering interoperable and efficient networking across various domains.